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Kamata Keishu, a pupil of the renowned surgeon Hanaoka Seishu (1760 - 1835), published a treatise in 1851 called 'Geka kihai'. In it, he made public the surgical techniques pioneered by his teacher and provided illustrations demonstrating his technique. These illustrations were empirically based on European examples. The use of colour in them functions mainly to distinguish flesh from clothing and to demonstrate the flow of blood. This image shows an operation which Hanaoka Seishu first carried out in 1804 using general anaesthetic.</text>
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Jacobus de Voragine's Legenda aurea written in France, perhaps in Paris, during the next to the last decade of the thirteenth century. Manuscript in England by the third or certainly the last quarter of the fourteenth century, to judge by the script of the note added on f. 11v, correcting the king's name from "Edmundus" to "Edwardus." Span folios: ff. 1-164v. Support: Parchment. Layout: 1¹²(-1, 2, 3; this last now f. 164) 2¹² 3¹²(-1, 10, 11) 4¹²(-1, 5, 11) 5¹²(-8) 6¹²(-1; note that the 2nd, 3rd, 9th and 10th leaves-ff. 52, 53, 58, 59-are singletons, their conjuncts having evidently been cancelled, since the text runs continuously) 7¹²(-6) 8¹²(-4) 9¹²(-4, 5) 10¹² 11¹²(-2, no text missing) 12¹²(-7) 13-15¹² + one leaf (the third leaf of the first quire, misbound). Catchwords in simple yellow-washed frames through quire 5, that of quire 6 noted in a cursive hand, thereafter decorated with elaborate mouse-designs touched in red. Leaf signatures in a variety of methods: letters of the alphabet, a-h; an individual letter repeated, d, dd, ddd, dddd, vd (on quire 6); a series of horizontal slashes; letters of the alphabet surmounted by diacritical marks; a series of tangent circles. 2 columns of 59 lines, ruled in scratchy brown lead; pricking visible in the 3 outer margins. Written by two scribes in a gothic book hand: i, ff. 1-50 and 164; ii, ff. 51-163. Decoration: Extensively illuminated with 135 miniatures, usually 16 lines in height and width of 1 column (approximately 67 x 67 mm.). Written instructions to the illuminator are present for approximately one third of the miniatures; they tend to be more complex and closer to the text than the resulting miniature. Rudimentary sketches, or evidence of sketches, for the miniatures occur in about one quarter of the cases; a number of miniatures have both the written directions and the preliminary sketch. Other Decoration: Major initials, 9- to 7-line, in dull pink or blue, patterned in white against a cusped ground of the other color, infilling in a darker shade of the same color as the initial, with grotesque or leaf forms decorated with burnished gold, and marginal extensions. Initials, 4-line, to introduce the Etymologia of similar style; secondary initials, 2-line, alternating red and blue with flourishes of the other color. Line fillers in the shape of mice, the same as the decoration on the catchwords. Carefully corrected throughout by the scribe of the text, corrections in yellow boxes. Some marginalia in various hands up to 16th century. Input into Digital Scriptorium by: C. W. Dutschke, 8/2/2012. Cataloged from existing description: C. W. Dutschke with the assistance of R. H. Rouse et al., Guide to Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the Huntington Library (San Marino, 1989). Bound in original[?] oak boards, quarter backed in modern mottled calf; remains of 2 fore edge straps of pink leather closing to pins on the center back; flyleaves, washed, contained a 15th century prose text in French in 2 columns, written in a Bâtarde script.&#13;
&#13;
Henry E. Huntington Library and Art Gallery. Manuscript. HM 3027&#13;
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                <text>A modern note on f. i states that the manuscript came from Fountains Abbey, Yorkshire; rejected by Ker, MLGB, 89. Belonged to Sir Henry Ingilby, Bart., of Ripley Castle, Yorkshire and later to Lt. Col. Sir William Henry Ingilby, Bart. (1874-1950); his sale, Sotheby's, 21 October 1920, lot 172 to Sabin; at this point the current f. 164 began the volume. Purchased by the Huntington Library from the G. D. Smith Book Company in January 1927.</text>
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                <text>Ce superbe tableau réapparu sur le marché de l’art en 2007 est venu compléter de façon éloquente le fonds de peintures italiennes du musée. Souvent abordé par les artistes du XVIIe siècle, le sujet évoque un épisode tragique de la vie de la belle et noble Agathe, originaire de Catane, qui se consacra au Christ : refusant de céder aux avances du préfet romain Quintianus et de sacrifier aux idoles, la jeune fille est jetée en prison et suppliciée. Ramenée dans sa cellule, la poitrine mutilée, elle e st visitée par saint Pierre accompagné d’un ange qui lui restitue son intégrité. Le tableau est une parfaite illustration des tendances les plus novatrices à Naples au cours du deuxième tiers du XVIIe siècle : attirance pour le naturalisme de Caravage (1571-1610) – dont Vaccaro fut un copiste zélé – avec les figures à mi-corps, les contrastes de lumière, les détails réalistes (corps musculeux du bourreau à droite) ; réélaboration des modèles du classicisme romano-bolonais à travers la discrète idéalisation des visages et les gestes éloquents. De fait, le doux visage de la sainte, le regard extatique tourné vers le ciel, évoque l’art de Guido Reni (1575-1642) mais également celui de Massimo Stanzione (vers 1585-1656) dans sa phase la plus « rénienne ». Comme la plupart de ses contemporains – notamment Ribera –, Vaccaro se montre aussi sensible aux courants néovénitiens – diffusés par exemple par le Flamand Van Dyck (1599-1641) – qui privilégient une touche moelleuse, exaltant les belles matières tactiles, une palette claire et une coloration précieuse et raffinée</text>
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        <name>torture</name>
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