https://european-mastectomy.artinterp.org/files/original/f079d936d2170239a4c84ddd28160bf1.jpg ed594ab36302d771773e1075227e1f85 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Surgical Tracts Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Cyclopædia: or, an Universal dictionary of arts and sciences Subject The topic of the resource The third edition corrected and amended; with some additions. see also Item #313 for forcep imagery from an encyclopedia that copied this one. Description An account of the resource See in the 1741 cylcopaedia a line for "surgery" to see "chirurgery". Under "Chirurgery" it states that it is "popularly called Surgery, the third branch of medicine; consisting in operations performed by the hand, for the cure of wounds, and other disorders. See Medicine." Later in the definition Ephraim Chambers states, "The principal things that come under the consideration of Chirurgery, are tumors, wounds, dislocations, and fractures." It then falsely states that surgery was the "sole medicine of the first ages" - always opting for the knife. It follows then in a whole history showing that the Greeks also preferred surgery over all modes of medicine, cultivated by Hippocrates amongst others. "The more modern authors, who have contributed most to the perfection of Chirurgery, are Paraeus, Fab. ab Aquapendente, Harvey, Wharton, Glisson, Du Laurence, Diemerbroeck, Vieussens, Barbette, Dionis, Charriere, &c." It then goes on to describe the splitting of surgeons from barbers and within the law how barbers are only allowed to pull teeth and no longer draw any blood. Surgeons cannot shave others. Surgeons now must have signs at their doors legitimizing their practice. Then proceeds to describe French surgery (as an English text): "The French Chirurgeons being refused to be admitted into the universities, notwithstanding that their art makes a branch of medicine, one of the four faculties; on pretence of its bordering a little on butchery, or cruelty; associated themselves into a brotherhood, under the protection of S. Cosmus, and S. Damian: on which account, according to the laws of their institution, they are obliged to dress and look to wounds gratis, the first Monday of each month. They distinguish between a Chirurgeon of the long robe, and a Barber Chirurgeon: the first has studied physick, and is allowed to wear a gown." see also keywords Tumor, Breast "The breasts are much more perfect, more conspicuous, and of more use in women than in men: their magnitude is various; always biggest in time of gestation and lactation." Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ephraim CHambers Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived British Library https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/ephraim-chambers-cyclopaedia-1741 and can search terms in https://artflsrv04.uchicago.edu/philologic4.7/chambers_new/ Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available London Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1741 arts breasts encyclopedia encyclopedie frontispiece sciences surgery tumors