<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<itemContainer xmlns="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd" uri="https://european-mastectomy.artinterp.org/items/browse?output=omeka-xml&amp;page=32&amp;sort_field=Dublin+Core%2CCreator" accessDate="2026-05-25T22:41:03-06:00">
  <miscellaneousContainer>
    <pagination>
      <pageNumber>32</pageNumber>
      <perPage>10</perPage>
      <totalResults>414</totalResults>
    </pagination>
  </miscellaneousContainer>
  <item itemId="8" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="14">
        <src>https://european-mastectomy.artinterp.org/files/original/a2df2bb6d2ce3690e687c228bb71ea4c.jpeg</src>
        <authentication>c099148f14cee0a14d6620467a101cd4</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="2">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="8">
                  <text>Saint Agatha</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="15">
      <name>Physical Object</name>
      <description>An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="58">
                <text>Saint Agatha</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="59">
                <text>1 print : photogravure, printed in colours ; image 12.6 x 7.7 cm; S. Agata, verg. e mart. Lunedi 5 Febbraio; On verso, biography of the saint and prayer in Italian with imprimatur dated Milan 1898</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="60">
                <text>Wellcome Collection</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="61">
                <text>[Italy] : [publisher not identified]</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="62">
                <text>between 1800-1899</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="63">
                <text>https://wellcomecollection.org/works/aund4yyw</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="64">
                <text>photogravure</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="65">
                <text>Latin</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="9" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="15">
        <src>https://european-mastectomy.artinterp.org/files/original/b8dac7b32de04e7f4accf61ea8a6b18e.jpeg</src>
        <authentication>6013159da6ddf13e3390338b2978e9a8</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="2">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="8">
                  <text>Saint Agatha</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="15">
      <name>Physical Object</name>
      <description>An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66">
                <text>Martyrdom of Saint Agatha</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="67">
                <text>Wellcome Collection</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="68">
                <text>https://wellcomecollection.org/works/bevmpsu6</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="69">
                <text>woodcut</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="10" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="16">
        <src>https://european-mastectomy.artinterp.org/files/original/bdbba0ed50b2d50747aad6c6d50dc40b.jpeg</src>
        <authentication>0f21ae237c504aad2c20ddc71313b9ad</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="3">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="9">
                  <text>Surgical Tracts</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="15">
      <name>Physical Object</name>
      <description>An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="70">
                <text>Diagrams illustrating how to perform a mastectomy and cauterise the wound</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="71">
                <text>Pen drawing by ZS (?); Inscribed in ink: "Not to be used except by special permission HWL."; After: J. Scultetus, Armamentarium chirurgiae, Lyon 1603</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="72">
                <text>https://wellcomecollection.org/works/f7w69js6</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="73">
                <text>19--, after an engraving, 1603.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="13" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="20">
        <src>https://european-mastectomy.artinterp.org/files/original/a2a90c3dbb5b55d7922cc30e7d507205.jpeg</src>
        <authentication>af79ff65aec95d7add7a45a94fc886e4</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <itemType itemTypeId="15">
      <name>Physical Object</name>
      <description>An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="86">
                <text>Mrs Prince, after surgical removal of a breast</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87">
                <text>A woman of about 40 years of age in a lace cap, wearing a dark purple dress, open to below the bosom, and a yellow shawl, her right breast surgically removed, the wound open; 1 painting : watercolour ; sheet 61.5 x 49 cm; Cancer of the breast. Mrs. Prince, Cobourgh Street Leeds, 1840-1; Exhibited in "Cancer Revolution: Science, Innovation and Hope" at the Science and Industry Museum, Manchester, 22 October 2021 - 27 March 2022 5UkLW; Lettering on verso</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="88">
                <text>https://wellcomecollection.org/works/vbfqyeh6</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="89">
                <text>Leeds</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="90">
                <text>1841</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="91">
                <text>Part of a collection of paintings depicting gentlefolk of Leeds with grievous illnesses</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="92">
                <text>watercolor</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="93">
                <text>English</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="26" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="33">
        <src>https://european-mastectomy.artinterp.org/files/original/10149e9bb6885ed5685f4a682998f747.jpg</src>
        <authentication>e53841118bb1615429dba95a0e196608</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="2">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="8">
                  <text>Saint Agatha</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="15">
      <name>Physical Object</name>
      <description>An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="180">
                <text>S. Agatha</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="181">
                <text>The martyr tied to a column, two men on either side shearing her breasts, an angel holding a laurel above her in top left corner&#13;
Engraving&#13;
Height: Height: 155 millimetres&#13;
Width: Width: 98 millimetres&#13;
Inscription content: Signed in lower left corner of impression: "R. Sadeler excudit.". Titled and lettered in Latin in lower margin, in four lines: "S. Agatha" and "cernis, vt alternus ... / ... ne latex.". Inscribed on sheet in pen and ink at upper right "88".</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="182">
                <text>British Museum&#13;
https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/P_1863-0509-726&#13;
Purchased from: Molini (&amp; Green)&#13;
1863</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="183">
                <text>Published by: Raphael Sadeler I&#13;
Flemish</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="184">
                <text>1575-1632</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="185">
                <text>Hollstein / Dutch and Flemish etchings, engravings and woodcuts c.1450-1700 (undescribed)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="46" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="53">
        <src>https://european-mastectomy.artinterp.org/files/original/cc056ba84235b966b08d587248deb0ef.jpg</src>
        <authentication>f757f0c8216de517129999ba83946d54</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="2">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="8">
                  <text>Saint Agatha</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="15">
      <name>Physical Object</name>
      <description>An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="320">
                <text>book illustration</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="321">
                <text>The name of God in Hebraic characters, surrounded by the Apostles, and with other Christian saints standing below; illustration to an unidentified book, page 201 or 203, with letterpress text printed in red and black on verso&#13;
Engraving&#13;
Height: Height: 223 millimetres&#13;
Width: Width: 159 millimetres&#13;
Not in IFF; from the same book as 1610,0208.4.&#13;
&#13;
Representation of: God&#13;
Representation of: Apostles&#13;
Representation of: St Catherine of Alexandria&#13;
Representation of: St Barbara&#13;
Representation of: St Agatha&#13;
Representation of: St Laurence</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="322">
                <text>Published by: Jaspar Isaac&#13;
French</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="323">
                <text>1600-54</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="324">
                <text>British Museum&#13;
https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/P_1910-0208-5&#13;
Donated by: Sydney Vacher&#13;
stamp printed in blue, on verso: 'TH.re PETIT INStt'</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="325">
                <text>Christian apostles and saints</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="12">
        <name>god</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5">
        <name>saint agatha</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="7">
        <name>saints</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="50" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="57">
        <src>https://european-mastectomy.artinterp.org/files/original/dc44549c1f1ecbf8104a64734c57250c.jpg</src>
        <authentication>9fed9e5fc2d42a7bb69641e5cb494b52</authentication>
      </file>
      <file fileId="373">
        <src>https://european-mastectomy.artinterp.org/files/original/e18ed7cf96a6dd5158bd8b0cb7b04a73.jpg</src>
        <authentication>f5bac9c42dd628d1ac4b346b6b1d02a1</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="2">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="8">
                  <text>Saint Agatha</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="15">
      <name>Physical Object</name>
      <description>An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="348">
                <text>Seal-matrix for Adolf von Epstein, Archdeacon of Trier</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="349">
                <text>Seal-matrix for Adolf von Epstein, Archdeacon of Trier; bronze; circular.&#13;
Obverse: Female figure standing, facing, wearing a long dress and her hands above her head grasping a cross-bar resting on side posts. On either side an executioner seizing her breast with a pair of pincers. Background sprinkled with flowers and below a shield of arms chevronée; Inscription in legend within beaded borders, disrupted by the cross bar and shield of arms.&#13;
Reverse: high shaped pierced ridge&#13;
With wax impression.&#13;
Diameter: Diameter: 4 centimetres&#13;
&#13;
Inscription position: obverse, legend&#13;
Inscription language: Latin&#13;
Inscription script: Black Letter&#13;
Inscription content: /SI.ADOLFI.DE.EPSTEI.A/RD.IN.ECCIA.TREU'&#13;
Inscription transliteration: /SI[GILLUM].ADOLFI.DE.EPSTEI[N].AR[CHI]D[IACO].IN.ECC[LES]IA[E].TRE[VERICA]U[RBS]&#13;
Inscription translation: Seal of Adolf of Epstein, archdeacon? in the curch of Trier. Siegel des Adolf von Epstein, Erzdiakon? der Kirche von Trier.&#13;
Inscription note: The Transliteration of "AR" as archdeacon is unsure. Orbis Latinus gives more options for the latin name of Trier, so their might be different possibilities to transliterate the last abbreviation.&#13;
&#13;
Two wax impressions, one on paper and one gutta percha.&#13;
&#13;
Identified as the Matryrdom of St. Agatha.&#13;
&#13;
Tonnochy Slip Catalogue says that the arms of Eppstein are argent, three chevrons gules.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="350">
                <text>Named in inscription: Trier&#13;
Europe: Germany: Rhineland-Palatinate (state): Trier</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="351">
                <text>Made in: Germany&#13;
Europe: Germany</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="352">
                <text>15th century</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="353">
                <text>British Museum&#13;
https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/H_1847-0802-7&#13;
Purchased from: Curtis&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="354">
                <text>bronze, wax, engraved</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="17">
        <name>pincers</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="16">
        <name>sait agatha</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1">
        <name>tools</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="6">
        <name>torture</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="53" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="60">
        <src>https://european-mastectomy.artinterp.org/files/original/f0314ce80c6b69a2a44b03309ab606d9.jpeg</src>
        <authentication>7caa7bc4b2c849b65dfad8214d11e450</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="2">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="8">
                  <text>Saint Agatha</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="15">
      <name>Physical Object</name>
      <description>An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="365">
                <text>Saint Agatha</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="366">
                <text>Overall (confirmed): 5 3/8 × 3 1/2 × 3 1/8 in. (13.7 × 8.9 × 7.9 cm)&#13;
&#13;
"This small, half-length statuette depicts the early Christian saint Agatha gazing heavenward with her hands bound behind her back. According to legend, the Sicilian virgin-martyr died in the third century after a prolonged period of torture at the hand of the Roman prefect Quintianus. Among other ordeals, Agatha’s breasts were cut off with pincers; these body parts became the principal iconographic attribute of the saint in early modern representations (see, for example, Sebastiano del Piombo’s painting of 1520 in the Uffizi).&#13;
&#13;
There are no other known casts of this model, which has not been discussed since 1910, when Wilhelm von Bode published it as “Italian, XVII century” in his catalogue of J. P. Morgan’s collection. The saint was indirectly cast in a high-copper alloy and shows traces of a previous black lacquer. Both breasts seem to have been prostheses, cast separately and soldered into place; only the right one remains.[1] This gruesome detail reflects the morbid seventeenth-century interest in the lives and deaths of early Christian martyrs. More specifically, the half-length composition, naturalistic details, and upturned eyes of our statuette align with contemporary paintings of female saints that were especially popular in Naples and produced by artists like Andrea Vaccaro.[2]&#13;
&#13;
The bronze, which features a delicate floral patterning on Agatha’s dress, likely served a private, devotional purpose. A small hole at the back of the head suggests a missing halo. The probable date and place—Naples during the first half of the seicento—allows one to speculate that the bronze is linked to the renovation of the Palazzo di Sant’Agata by the powerful cardinal Cesare Firrao, who commissioned sculptors Bernardino Landini and Giulio Mencaglia to execute a series of statues for the facade (1637–44). Their figure of Magnanimity bears a resemblance to our bronze in its elegant elongated neck and elaboration of the coiffure.[3]&#13;
-JF"</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="367">
                <text>Italian, probably Naples</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="368">
                <text> mid-17th century</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="369">
                <text>The Met&#13;
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/197071&#13;
The Friedsam Collection, Bequest of Michael Friedsam, 1931&#13;
Charles Mannheim ; J. Pierpont Morgan ; Michael Friedsam (until 1931; bequeathed to MMA)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="370">
                <text>(For key to shortened references see bibliography in Allen, Italian Renaissance and Baroque Bronzes in The Metropolitan Museum of Art. NY: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2022.)&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
1. See R. Stone/TR, April 27, 2011. The right breast is a similar alloy with the same pattern of impurities as the rest of the statuette, but with the addition of lead, which has resulted in its slightly lighter color.&#13;
2. See, for example, the painting of Saint Agatha attributed to Vaccaro in the Museo Civico Gaetano Filangieri (Palazzo Como di Napoli).&#13;
3. For Cardinal Firrao, his palazzo, and his chapel in the church of San Paolo Maggiore, which features a marble statue of the Madonna by Mencaglia, see Iorio 2012, pp. 320, 328, and throughout</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="371">
                <text>Statuette&#13;
Sculpture-Bronze&#13;
Bronze, traces of black lacquer patina</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="9">
        <name>breasts</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="22">
        <name>ecstasy</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="21">
        <name>missing breast</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5">
        <name>saint agatha</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="20">
        <name>sculpture</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="60" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="68">
        <src>https://european-mastectomy.artinterp.org/files/original/de1499312c0dda1eaa9c5feabed0d0de.jpeg</src>
        <authentication>8c45d2730fe6ee1694743d62649b02fb</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="2">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="8">
                  <text>Saint Agatha</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="15">
      <name>Physical Object</name>
      <description>An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="407">
                <text>Martyrdom of Saint Agatha and Saint Catherine of Alexandria</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="408">
                <text>hot-pokers are used to torture saint agatha</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="409">
                <text>Wellcome Collection&#13;
https://wellcomecollection.org/works/duurhum4</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="410">
                <text>woodcut</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="19">
        <name>blacksmithing</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="10">
        <name>female saints</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="29">
        <name>hot pokers</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5">
        <name>saint agatha</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1">
        <name>tools</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="6">
        <name>torture</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="61" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="69">
        <src>https://european-mastectomy.artinterp.org/files/original/7ffe7335b1b120634defd1be61e85357.jpeg</src>
        <authentication>b83558c255d95db0df72d43a1c2333a3</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="2">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="8">
                  <text>Saint Agatha</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="15">
      <name>Physical Object</name>
      <description>An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="411">
                <text>Saint Agatha</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412">
                <text>Saint Agatha holds a pair of pincers, the martyr's palm, and the Bible. In the background, a burning pyre. Saint Agatha suffered martyrdom by having her breasts torn off with pincers&#13;
color lithograph&#13;
Sant'Agata. Vergine e martire. On verso, prayer in Italian.&#13;
1 print : lithograph, printed in colours ; image 11 x 9.4 cm</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="413">
                <text>[Italy] : [publisher not identified], [between 1800 and 1899?]&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="414">
                <text>19th century</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="415">
                <text>Wellcome Collection&#13;
https://wellcomecollection.org/works/h73q7j7w</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="30">
        <name>agatha</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="31">
        <name>ephemera</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="17">
        <name>pincers</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="7">
        <name>saints</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1">
        <name>tools</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
